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Auf welche Rezeptoren wirkt Atropin?
Atropin hemmt vor allem die M1-, M2- und M3-Rezeptoren und verursacht so eine Steigerung der Herzfrequenz (M2), eine Reduktion der Magensäureproduktion (M1) sowie eine Speichelreduktion (M3). Zusammen mit einer dezenten Bronchodilatation (M3) sind diese Wirkungen auch von Vorteil für eine Narkoseeinleitung.
What is the pharmacology of atropine?
Pharmacology. Atropine, a naturally occurring belladonna alkaloid, is a racemic mixture of equal parts of d- and l-hyoscyamine, whose activity is due almost entirely to the levo isomer of the drug. Atropine is commonly classified as an anticholinergic or antiparasympathetic (parasympatholytic) drug.
What is the difference between the atropine autoinjectors?
Each single-dose Atropine autoinjector contains atropine base 1.67 mg/0.7 mL (equivalent to atropine sulfate 2 mg/0.7 mL) in a sterile solution for intramuscular injection. The 2 mg Atropine autoinjector provides atropine base 1.67 mg/0.7 mL (equivalent to atropine sulfate 2 mg/0.7 mL) in a sterile solution for intramuscular injection.
Why is atropine an antimuscarinic agent and not a muscarine?
Atropine is an antimuscarinic agent since it antagonizes the muscarine-like actions of acetylcholine and other choline esters. Atropine inhibits the muscarinic actions of acetylcholine on structures innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves, and on smooth muscles which respond to endogenous acetylcholine but are not so innervated.
What happens when you take pralidoxime and atropine together?
DRUG INTERACTIONS. When atropine and pralidoxime are used together, the signs of atropinization (flushing, mydriasis, tachycardia, dryness of the mouth and nose) may occur earlier than might be expected than when atropine is used alone because pralidoxime may potentiate the effect of atropine.
Atropin gehört zu den Parasympatholytika (auch Anticholinergika genannt). Atropin wirkt demnach antagonistisch und konkurriert somit an den muskarinischen Rezeptoren des Parasympathikus mit dem Neurotransmitter Acetylcholin. Atropin blockiert teilweise die Rezeptoren und hemmt somit den Parasympathikus.
Was ist das Gegengift von Atropin?
Auch Vergiftungen mit Giften, welche die Wirkung des Parasympathikus stark anregen, können mit Atropin als Gegengift behandelt werden. Solche Gifte sind zum Beispiel die chemischen Kampfstoffe Sarin, Soman und Tabun (G-Kampfstoffe) sowie das Insektizid E 605 (Parathion).
What is hyoscyamine sulfate made from?
Hyoscyamine Sulfate is the sulfate salt of a belladonna alkaloid derivative and the levorotatory form of racemic atropine isolated from the plants Hyoscyamus niger or Atropa belladonna, which exhibits anticholinergic activity.
How long does it take for hyoscyamine sulfate to leave the body?
Once absorbed, this product disappears rapidly from the blood and is distributed throughout the entire body. The majority of hyoscyamine sulfate is excreted in the urine unchanged within the first 12 hours and only traces of hyoscyamine sulfate are found in the breast milk.
How do you administer hyoscyamine sulfate with anticholinesterase?
Administer hyoscyamine sulfate concurrently with (in a separate syringe), or a few minutes prior to, the anticholinesterase agent. In the presence of bradycardia, give hyoscyamine sulfate before the anticholinesterase agent to increase the pulse rate to approximately 80 beats/minute.
How many hyoscyamine sulfate tablets should I take?
Hyoscyamine Sulfate Tablet Dosage and Administration. Usual dosage: Adults and children over 12 years of age: 1 to 2 tablets orally. Dose may be repeated three or four times a day, thirty minutes to one hour before meals and at bedtime, the dosage being adjusted as needed and tolerated.